Ma'am, I'm going to ask you one time and then I'm going to take you out of this vehicle and put you in handcuffs. >> That's fine. You need a warrant. >> Give me your keys now. >> need a warrant. Call the cop. Fine, you need a warrant. I know the law. >> Get out of the vehicle. Turn around. Put your hands behind your back. >> You need a warrant. >> On October 27th, 2025, Santa Rosa County deputies stopped a driver for a left lane violation. It ended in a drug arrest and a felony resistance charge. Viewer advisory, this video contains body camera footage of a physical confrontation. It is presented for educational legal analysis. Viewer discretion is advised. >> 48, I'm 10-97. I'm not crazy about where we're at. >> I don't like it. I can get her to move. >> Hello. Hey, how you doing? >> I'm okay. >> Um In just a minute, when he clears, will you just find parking over here on this side? We don't want the cars. We don't want that. >> Oh, yeah, this is just like a >> Yeah, no, no, I need you to go here to the right. >> Okay. >> Okay, yeah. >> Do you want me to go to the exit or the >> No, right here. Just right there, okay? Hey, let me know when the truck after the truck >> Ambulance. >> Oh, there's an ambulance coming. Hang on a second. Just get you real quick so we don't end up having somebody hit it hit us. Hey, Jeremiah. Okay, go ahead and go. Go ahead and go. Go ahead. >> Let's get her out of the car. She might already be hiding stuff. >> She has had some past cases hidden in on her person. >> Yeah. Go ahead and pull her back over here and have her Do you have your front seat empty? >> Uh no, I don't. >> Have her step out, you can go sit in my car. >> Sorry. >> Yeah. I've got room in my uh Let me make sure my front seat back here. You got room over there. Hold on a second. >> Okay, I'm confused at what's going on. >> Well, he's going to talk to you while he looks up your information. Right now >> I've been like it shouldn't take that long to >> It shouldn't, but right now we can give you a court appearance from not second. So, he's got to take care of all that. >> Okay. >> Okay? >> Yeah. >> Let him Well, he's talking to you. >> Sure. >> I'll talk to you when I get this >> Are you doing okay? >> Yeah. >> Do me a favor, turn that off. >> No, no, I'm not going to. For my safety, I'm going to leave >> You're going to turn that off because we have cameras right here. >> Yeah, but your cameras aren't for my safety. >> Ma'am, I'm going to tell you one last time. Turn the camera off, leave your phone here. You can record, but we're not going to have a conversation with somebody else. >> She's not going to speak. She is my witness. >> Put your phone up here. >> Just put it right there. >> You can keep it on, just put it up there. I don't want it in your hand. Keep it on the phone, put it there. Same thing with your keys, put your keys up there. Nothing in your hands. >> What? >> Okay. It's all being recorded. >> It's fine. I just feel safer if somebody other than you is recording or is witnessing. >> That's fine. But you we just don't want anything in your hands, okay? >> I don't know how >> I'm sorry, what? You want what? What? >> Pray you? >> Oh, no. Yeah, I know. >> Yeah, yeah, yeah. You're fine. >> So, why didn't you get your tag? Is it a money thing or what? What's what's going on with that? >> Uh one, I didn't know that you had to change it. Believe me, I just didn't want >> Yeah, you're required 30 days. Do you have a Florida license or a >> I just Yeah. >> And sometimes for the people, they don't do the registration because it costs more money. >> tight, you know, but um it goes out on my birthday. And so, I just was waiting and I had to get my title. >> A lot of people do that, okay? But it's it's required. Well, yeah, but just because you don't know doesn't mean it's not a law. >> understand that and I am totally fine with taking the phone. >> Okay. >> No, I heard the courthouse is no longer in the courthouse. >> It was? they can move to the it's right here up on Avalon. And you can also do it Do you live down in Gulf Breeze, down in the south end? You can go to the You can go to the courthouse annex down there, the >> Oh, okay. >> by the zoo. >> Wait, no. I mean, like if I take a court date, then you don't do court at the annex, right? >> Oh, no. I thought you were talking about changing your stuff. >> No, I know I can change my stuff. >> Well, he doesn't have to give you that. He can give you a warning for that. But the thing is, this way it notates it. It's in our system. >> So, you know that I know and yeah. >> Exactly. We're not trying to jam you up for tickets, but we do want to document it. >> That's fine. I just like being pulled out of a vehicle, you know. You never know. >> Well, me and where I don't know if you get pulled over on the interstate, we work the interstate. It's safer >> Right. >> for us, because you saw how he was standing there and I'm standing there. That's not safe for us. Here, it's less likely we're going to get hit and it's also safer for you, because there's a roll cage in case somebody crashes into us. You're protected. I'm not protected standing out here. >> Yeah, I don't know. You want to hop in the backseat? >> No. It's crowded back back there. >> Yeah, it is. Oh, yeah. So, um I didn't know that cops um handled the interstate. I thought that was state troopers. No. >> See, learning all kinds of new things today. >> Knowledge is power. >> Knowledge is power. >> is Ford, the officer that pulled me over. Yeah, he's a cop. Yeah, cuz they said it was a problem. >> Unless your last name wasn't like Hyundai or something. >> Or Armpit. It could be Armpit. There really is an officer in Alabama named Pitts. >> Oh. Oh, yeah. I can see that. Well, there's actually a one named Outlaw. I know of a cop named Outlaw and I can know another one called Justice and one with the last name Handcuff. >> Did they change their last names or are they natural last names? >> That's what they was. >> Somewhere along the lines they got altered. >> I'm just I'm just going to give you a warning. >> I appreciate that. >> Right, because you have to >> Yeah. So Where Where did you say you were >> Panama >> I stepped in ants. >> Yeah, you know internet dating >> [laughter] >> You can't really like choose where they're from on the internet. You just put the preference in. >> What is that? >> Depending on the demographic >> Hey Morris. Morris. Morris. >> Yeah. >> Hey, oh, I'm sorry. Sorry Hopkins. I thought it was Morris. And he's got history. She's got history with us with um narcotics also. She was part of a meth lab investigation. She did not want to get out of the vehicle and then was real argumentative about that. Taking her phone with her and such and the other. Coming from Panama City. So that's kind of where we're at with her. >> Who is it? >> I don't know her name. Uh Ford knows her. All right, Ford looked her up. And last couple times she's hidden it on her person. >> On her person? >> Yeah. >> We're good. >> Can I ask why you're putting gloves on? >> Cuz I'm going to search your vehicle in a minute. >> Okay. >> Yeah, I'm going to have to pull over and explain everything to you. >> Yeah, I'm sure. No, it's cool. Like I knew the I knew the I No, yeah, there's no It's just frustrating. >> Okay, he's going to talk to you real quick, okay? >> Yeah. >> Hey, how's it going? >> It's going. >> All right, here you go. I'm Deputy Hopkins with Santa Rosa. So, um [clears throat] the dog alerted the odor of narcotics in the vehicle, okay? Is there anything in there you ain't supposed to have? >> in there. >> Nothing in there? Anything on you you're not supposed to have? >> No. >> Okay. All right, I'm just going to run down a list of things. Just a simple yes or no yes simple yes or no answer, okay? Any methamphetamine in the vehicle? >> No. >> Any heroin in the vehicle? >> No, they're going off of my past >> Ma'am, ma'am. >> No. >> We're going to turn the phone off if you keep doing that, talking back and forth. Simple simple simple yes or no simple yes or no answer. No heroin? >> Okay, no MDMA ecstasy? >> No. >> No crack cocaine? No fentanyl? >> No. >> Okay. All right. >> of my Texas plates? >> No. >> Oh. >> What what's up with your past? What do you mean your past? >> Nothing. >> Huh? What do you mean something if you just brought it up? I've never mentioned I've never mentioned you before that's why I'm asking. >> He called you because he looked up my my past records. >> Okay. Okay, I got you. I got you. So you have just recent narcotic or I mean past narcotic possession? Is that what you're saying? >> Um yeah, but like >> I'm just I'm just asking. I'm trying to just >> before my daughter was born. >> Okay, when I sorry what was >> completed my daughter was born in 2020. >> Okay. >> And I completed probation >> Got you. Okay. All right, cool. So the only reason I ask I just I just try to get a picture why I'm out here, okay? So all right. So what I So what we're going to do just let you know we have probable cause search vehicle. So I'm just going to search it real quick and then we're going to have somebody to come search you, okay? And then as long as everything's good to go we'll get you out of here, okay? Sound good? I appreciate it. Thank you. >> Okay. >> Oh yeah, argumentative about it. So it's probably on her. If I had to guess. >> Oh. >> Any females? >> Yeah. >> Uh uh there was some over in D4. Let me see. 48 >> 48 >> So long as I'm in solo occupant >> She still has meth sores and everything on her and she's like, "Oh, I don't use narcotics." It's like, "Okay, whatever." What do you think she's got with the rubber gloves for? >> Issue one, the stop. Under Wren versus United States 1996, any observed traffic violation justifies a stop, whatever the officer's motive. A left lane violation under Florida statute section 316.081 meets that test. Ordering the driver out of her car was also lawful. Pennsylvania versus Mims 1977 lets officers require a driver to exit during a lawful stop, a routine safety measure on a busy interstate. Issue two, recording. In Smith versus City of [ __ ] 2000, the 11th Circuit recognized a First Amendment right to record police in public. Letting her phone keep recording set nearby resolved the dispute. Issue three, the length of the stop. Rodriguez versus United States 2015 bars extending a stop beyond its mission without reasonable suspicion. Deputies cited her narcotics history, her manner, and travel from Panama City. Under United States versus Sokolow 1989, courts weigh such factors together. A record alone is thin. Reportedly, the combination persuaded the judge who denied the suppression motion. Issue four the dog. Illinois versus Caballes 2005 holds that a sniff around a car during a lawful stop is not a search. No warrant is needed provided the stop is not unlawfully prolonged. Florida versus Harris 2013 adds that an alert from a trained certified dog supplies probable cause. The deputy told the driver about the alert and the probable cause before searching. Issue five the warrant demand. After the alert the automobile exception applies. United States versus Ross 1982 extends probable cause to every part of the vehicle including the locked glove box. Her warrant demand was legally incorrect. Every step before the arrest rested on settled precedent. The only open question was how she would respond. >> If she says she works, what does she do? >> She didn't. Supplies, razors, third party. Maybe some I don't know if my daughter has it. >> Okay. See what all these cards are about. Did that have her name on anything? >> What's that? >> Does anything have her name on it? Like Betonia Gail or something like that? >> Yeah, just here. Let me look right here. >> Okay. >> Here, there's some worse seeds and stuff in there. I don't know. >> Okay. Marquise Henderson. Your glove box is locked. >> Okay. Let me get her keys from her. >> No, you need a warrant. >> Ma'am, I'm going to ask you one time and then I'm going to take you out of this vehicle and put you in handcuffs. >> That's fine. You need a warrant. >> Give me your keys now. >> need a warrant. Call No. All right, you need a warrant. I know the law. >> That'll be a Turn around. Put your hands behind your back. >> You need a warrant. Damn it. Sarah, they need a warrant. >> grab your handcuffs. Handcuffs on her. >> Be careful. Get a warrant. I know my rights, dude. >> I'll be checking her sleeves as well. >> Yeah, check in my sleeves cuz I'm hiding all kinds of >> You're going to jail now. Resisting arrest. >> resisting arrest. I'm not under Why am I under arrest? >> All right, I told you. Let go of those keys now. >> No, get off Ma'am, you need a warrant. >> Let's go of those keys now. I'm going to start peeling her fingers open. >> This is Sarah, call my attorney. Call the police. You [ __ ] need a warrant. >> She's got the spray though. >> Get off of me. >> I think it fell out. Let's go ahead and put her in the back of your car. >> God [laughter] damn it. They just Sarah. >> Got her here. No, not >> You need a warrant. >> My car here. It doesn't matter. Whatever. I don't have a camera on mine. I don't know if you do. >> This is so illegal and [ __ ] up. This is so illegal and [ __ ] up. >> No, it's not. >> Yes, it is. I know my rights. >> Sit down. Do not get in my face. Do you understand me? >> I might understand you. You need a warrant. >> Here's your phone. >> Um yeah, I do want that. Hey, I have a babysitter. >> 48. Nice spots like that. If you would, assign 261 a case number. That female is going to be 10-15. Leave her phone here. >> I got nails. I can't get this damn key out. >> You got nails. >> Yeah, I can't get the damn key out. The key for the damn key for the thing won't come out. >> There you go. Pull it. She wouldn't give me the registration. I had it. She wouldn't open her glove box and look for the registration. >> She looks like she got some >> rock. >> Yep. And a gun. >> meth? >> Mhm. >> I think so. I'm not sure. >> We'll take that. I got a thing in the back. We can open that. >> Go ahead and empty this. >> We have a clean area. >> That's meth. >> So, I >> call you over there right away because it's crowded with the two of us right there. >> looking cuz I was sitting there and I'm looking and I'm like, are you fighting? >> It was hard for me to get in there. Yeah. And the thing is, I just didn't want to let go cuz I didn't know what she's got where and she just kept trying to grab that Right. That's the spray. I didn't want to get caught up with that spray. >> I'm sorry it took me so long. I didn't want to like >> No, you're all good, bro. >> I was trying to sneak in there. >> She wasn't going anywhere. >> sitting here and I'm like, I'm searching through her stuff and I'm like, are they like they get something >> from her. >> Yeah. Good job, dude. >> Issue six, the keys. Refusing to hand over keys during a lawful search is not civil disobedience. Florida statute section 843.01 makes resisting an officer with violence a third-degree felony punishable by up to 5 years. Resisting without violence falls under section 843.02, a first-degree misdemeanor. Gripping the keys, and according to deputies, grabbing at pepper spray is what pushed this encounter toward the felony side. Even if she believed the search unlawful, Florida statute section 776.051 generally bars force against an officer acting in good faith. The remedy is a courtroom, not the roadside. Issue seven, her words. City of Houston versus Hill, 1987, protects even profane criticism of police. Officers cannot lawfully arrest someone for words alone. Line is drawn by conduct, not intention. Speech protected her until her hands closed around the keys. The methamphetamine and the firearm surfaced through a legally constructed chain. Valid stop, lawful dog sniff, probable cause search. Drug possession under section 893.13 and resisting with violence are separate offenses. The reported result was a 270-day sentence. The suppression motion failed because each link in that chain held. Her prior record was context, never cause. Deputy Ford receives a B-minus. The stop was valid, his interstate repositioning was sound, and his demeanor stayed professional. However, demanding that she stop recording lacks support under 11th Circuit precedent. Deputy Hawkins receives a B-plus. He announced probable cause before searching, questioned her without coercion, and requested a female deputy for the pat down. An on-camera comment about her appearance cost credit since footage is evidence. The driver receives a C+. Recording the encounter was correct and that right held up. However, she was wrong about the warrant after the alert, wrong about the glove box, and wrong to physically keep her keys. Lesson one, partial legal knowledge is not legal protection. Knowing the right to record is correct. Believing a warrant is required after a canine alert is a costly mistake. Lesson two, physical resistance turns a civil dispute into a criminal event. The remedy for an unlawful search is a suppression motion under Mapp versus Ohio, 1961, not a roadside confrontation. Lesson three, a dog's alert changes the legal framework completely and on camera every comment becomes evidence for both sides. Let us know if there is an interaction or legal topic you would like discussed in the comments below. Thank you for watching.